INTRODUCTION and concept Behaviorism is a current of Psychology inaugurated by John B. Watson (1878-1958), which defends the use of strictly experimental procedures to study observable behaviour (conduct) and denies any possibility of using the subjetvos as the introspection methods. Its theoretical basis is based on that to a stimulus followed a response, this being the result of the interaction between the agency that receives the stimulus and the environment. It considers that the external observation is the only one possible for the Constitution of a scientific psychology. The behaviourist approach in psychology has its roots in the associationism of the English philosophers, as well as at the school of American psychology known as functionalism and the Darwinian theory of evolution, since both currents emphasized a conception of the individual as an organism that adapts to the media (or environment). Read more here: Glenn Dubin, New York City. HISTORY and evolution the onset of behavioral therapy as a scientific discipline applied to the understanding and treatment of psychological problems is located at the beginning of the XX.Como century as we have said, John B. Watson was the first researcher who worked with what he himself called Behaviorism. At that time, psychology dominated the study of internal psychic phenomena by introspection, highly subjective method.
Watson had not denied the existence of internal psychic phenomena, but insisted that such experiences could not be object of scientific study because they were not observable. This approach was very much influenced by the pioneers of Russian physiologists research Ivan Pavlov and Vladimir M. Bekhterev on animal conditioning. Pavlov, were considered to be acts of life not more than refiejos, and Betcherev was especially interested by the muscle reflexes.We can distinguish two aspects in the Behaviorism of Watson. Firstly, the metaphysical Behaviorism which argued that the mind does not exist and that all human activity including thoughts and emotions, can be explain through muscle movements or glandular secretions.